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Significance and Use

This test method is based on the penetration by a specific type of indentor when forced into the material under specified conditions. The indentation hardness is related inversely to the penetration and is dependent on the elastic modulus and viscoelastic behavior of the material. The geometry of the indentor and the applied force influence the measurements, such that no simple relationship exists between the measurements obtained with one type of durometer and those obtained with another type of durometer or other instruments used for measuring hardness. This test method is an empirical test intended primarily for control purposes. No simple relationship exists between indentation hardness determined by this test method and any fundamental property of the material tested. For specification purposes it is recommended that Test Method D785 be used for hard materials and Test Method D2240 be used for solid elatomers.

1. Scope

1.1 This test method describes a type of composite foam hardness measurement device known as durometer: Type CF. The procedure for determining indentation hardness of substances comprised of two or more elastomeric materials, one of which is a foam or foam like material. These are classified as composite foam structures. The composite foam product may have an armature made of a material suitable for adding structural integrity including but not limited to metal, plastic, or wood. This construction is typical for lapbar restraints, seating, and other restraint devices, as well as some show elements.

1.2 This test method is not equivalent to other indentation hardness methods and instrument types, specifically those described in Test Methods D1415 and D2240 .

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. Many of the stated dimensions in SI are direct conversions from the U.S. customary system to accommodate the instrumentation, practices, and procedures that existed prior to the Metric Conversion Act of 1975.

1.4 All materials, instruments, or equipment used for the determination of mass or dimension shall have traceability to the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) or other internationally recognized organizations.

1.5 This test method is not a safety standard as it pertains to ride legislation. The use of this test method is optional based upon an agreement between customers and suppliers of foam products.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insulation

D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing

D785 Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials

D1349 Practice for Rubber--Standard Temperatures for Testing

D1415 Test Method for Rubber Property--International Hardness

D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property--Durometer Hardness

D4483 Practice for Evaluating Precision for Test Method Standards in the Rubber and Carbon Black Manufacturing Industries

Keywords

durometer; foam; hardness; indentation hardness; Composite foam hardness; Durometer hardness; Foam hardness; Hardness (indentation) ;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 83.100 (Cellular materials)

DOI: 10.1520/F1957-99R11

ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.

ASTM F1957