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BS EN IEC 60045-1:2020 Steam turbines - Specifications, 2020
- undefined
- Annex ZA(normative)Normative references to international publicationswith their corresponding European publications
- English [Go to Page]
- CONTENTS
- FOREWORD
- INTRODUCTION
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms and definitions [Go to Page]
- 3.1 Turbine types
- 3.2 Methods of initial steam admission
- 3.3 Interfaces and terminal conditions
- Figures [Go to Page]
- Figure 1 – Condensing steam turbine interfaces
- Figure 2 – Extraction steam turbine interfaces
- Figure 3 – Single shaft combined cycle with multi casing steam turbine interfaces
- 3.4 Speeds
- 3.5 Powers
- 3.6 Steam flow rate and steam rate
- 3.7 Heat rates
- 3.9 Operational regimes (modes)
- 3.10 Methods of load variation
- 3.11 Operational life
- 3.12 Control and protection
- 4 Guarantees [Go to Page]
- 4.1 General
- 4.2 Thermal performance guarantees [Go to Page]
- 4.2.1 Performance codes
- 4.2.2 Turbine plant thermal efficiency or heat rate or steam rate
- 4.2.3 Output or steam flow capacity
- 4.2.4 Auxiliary plant power
- 4.2.5 Steam tables
- 4.2.6 Tolerances
- 4.2.7 Ageing
- 5 Product safety [Go to Page]
- 5.1 General
- 5.2 Risk assessment [Go to Page]
- 5.2.1 General
- 5.2.2 Limits of the assessments
- 5.2.3 Definition of hazards to be considered
- 5.2.4 Hazard identification
- 5.2.5 Risk estimation
- 5.3 Risk reduction
- 5.4 Interface descriptions
- 5.5 Documentation
- 6 Operation and maintenance [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Normal operation [Go to Page]
- 6.1.2 Start-up categories
- 6.1.3 Specification of load collective
- 6.1.4 Start-up time
- 6.1.5 Steam generator characteristics
- 6.1.6 Expected load operation
- 6.1.7 Turbine by-pass system
- 6.1.8 Auxiliary steam
- 6.2 Limits of variation of parameters from rated conditions [Go to Page]
- 6.2.1 General
- 6.2.2 Initial pressure
- 6.2.3 Initial and, where applicable, reheat temperature
- Tables [Go to Page]
- Table 1 – Permissible variations for rated pressure
- Table 2 – Permissible temperature variations for rated temperature up to 566 °C [Go to Page]
- 6.2.4 Turbine exhaust pressure/temperature
- Table 3 – Permissible temperature variations for rated temperaturehigher than 566 °C up to 630 °C [Go to Page]
- 6.2.5 Speed
- 6.3 Abnormal operation [Go to Page]
- 6.3.1 Cases
- 6.3.2 Limitations from abnormal turbine operation
- 6.3.3 Boundary conditions at abnormal turbine operation
- 6.4 Installation conditions [Go to Page]
- 6.4.1 Indoor/outdoor
- 6.4.2 Seismic condition
- 6.5 Maintenance
- 6.6 Operating instructions
- 7 Components [Go to Page]
- 7.1 Materials, construction and design
- 7.2 Parts subject to high temperatures [Go to Page]
- 7.2.1 Unstressed parts
- 7.2.2 Stressed parts
- 7.3 Casings and pedestals
- 7.4 Rotors [Go to Page]
- 7.4.1 Balancing
- 7.4.2 Critical speeds
- 7.4.3 Overspeed
- 7.4.4 Short-circuit and other abnormal torque loads
- 7.4.5 Shaft train
- 7.5 Valves
- 7.6 Main bearings and housings
- 7.7 Cylinder and interstage glands
- 7.8 Thermal insulation
- 7.9 Welding
- 8 Foundations and buildings
- 9 Extractions, bleeds and exhausts [Go to Page]
- 9.1 General
- 9.2 Requirements on steam parameters and volume flow
- 9.3 Design of steam outlets
- 9.4 Limits of supply
- 9.5 Boundary conditions for guarantees
- 9.6 Protection devices against backflow of water and steam [Go to Page]
- 9.6.1 Water ingress from the feedwater heating system or other condensation systems
- 9.6.2 Preventing steam backflow to steam turbine to avoid overspeed
- 9.6.3 Unwanted steam from cold reheat system
- 10 Turbine auxiliary systems [Go to Page]
- 10.1 General
- 10.2 Lubricating oil
- 10.3 Control fluid
- 10.4 Sealing system for rotor and valve glands
- 10.5 Drains
- 10.6 Vents
- 10.7 Turning gear
- 10.8 Piping
- 11 Automation [Go to Page]
- 11.1 General
- 11.2 General requirements in relation to the steam turbine automation system [Go to Page]
- 11.2.1 Environmental conditions
- Table 4 – Environment classes [Go to Page]
- 11.2.2 Electromagnetic compatibility
- 11.2.3 Requirements as to hardware and software design
- 11.2.4 Tests of the steam turbine automation system
- 11.3 Turbine Control System (TCS) [Go to Page]
- 11.3.1 General
- 11.3.2 Functional requirements as to governing system
- 11.3.3 Speed and load adjustments
- 11.3.4 Controller characteristics
- 11.3.5 Performance characteristics
- Table 5 – Controller droop and dead band characteristics [Go to Page]
- 11.3.6 Valve testing control
- 11.3.7 Facilities
- 11.3.8 Control functions for auxiliary systems
- Table 6 – Maximum load non-linearity and load stability [Go to Page]
- 11.3.9 Monitoring functions and/or informative messages
- 11.4 Steam turbine protection [Go to Page]
- 11.4.1 Functional requirements for protection
- 11.4.2 Requirements as to the design of the protection system
- 11.5 Instrumentation [Go to Page]
- 11.5.1 General
- 11.5.2 Standard instruments
- 11.5.3 Turbine supervisory instrumentation (TSI)
- 11.5.4 Additional instruments
- 11.5.5 Test measuring points
- 12 Other devices for protection of the turbine and of interfacing systems [Go to Page]
- 12.1 Low-pressure casing and condenser pressurization
- 12.2 Valve casing pressurization
- 13 Vibration [Go to Page]
- 13.1 General
- 13.2 Vibration measured at the bearing housing
- 13.3 Vibration measured at the shaft
- 14 Noise [Go to Page]
- 14.1 General
- 14.2 Noise emitted by the steam turbine
- 14.3 Noise level in the vicinity of the turbine unit
- 15 Tests [Go to Page]
- 15.1 General
- 15.2 Testing of pressurized components
- 15.3 Performance tests
- 15.4 Test results and data
- 16 Delivery and installation [Go to Page]
- 16.1 Transport to site and temporary protection
- 16.2 Erection and commissioning
- 17 Design information to be supplied by the purchaser [Go to Page]
- 17.1 General
- 17.2 Characteristics of the turbine and its accessories
- 17.3 Steam and water conditions
- 17.4 Conditions for condensers and coolers (where this equipment is within the supplier's scope of supply)
- 17.5 Information on regenerative feedwater heating
- 17.6 Applications: installation and mode of operation
- 17.7 Foundations
- 17.8 Terminal points
- 17.9 Delivery site conditions
- 17.10 Tests
- 17.11 Automation system
- 17.12 Documentation
- 17.13 Quality measures
- 17.14 Participation in risk assessment
- 18 Design information to be provided by the supplier [Go to Page]
- 18.1 General
- 18.2 Piping
- 18.3 Thermal expansion
- 18.4 Information on regenerative feedwater heating
- 18.5 Pipe connections
- 18.6 Time schedule
- 18.7 Auxiliary media and electrical supply
- 18.8 Turbine foundations
- 18.9 Instrumentation and control
- 18.10 Heat emissions
- Annex A (informative)Welding of stationary components of steam turbines [Go to Page]
- A.1 General
- A.2 Principles for design, qualification and execution of welding
- Table A.1 – Correlation between function and foreseeable risk potential andmanufacturer's quality requirements according to ISO 3834
- Table A.2 – Correlation of structural integrity and quality levels
- A.3 Welding supervision, welding personnel
- Table A.3 – Qualification of welding procedures (WPQR) for processes 111, 14, 12, 13, 15, 51 (electron beam welding), 52 (laser welding)
- A.4 Testing
- A.5 Documentation
- Bibliography [Go to Page]
