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ASME B31.4 - 2022 - Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquids and Slurries, 2022
- CONTENTS
- FOREWORD
- ASME B31 COMMITTEE ROSTER
- CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE B31 COMMITTEE
- INTRODUCTION
- ASME B31.4-2022 SUMMARY OF CHANGES
- Chapter I Scope and Definitions [Go to Page]
- 400 GENERAL STATEMENTS [Go to Page]
- 400.1 Scope
- 400.2 Definitions
- Chapter II Design [Go to Page]
- 401 LOADS [Go to Page]
- 401.1 Load Classifications
- 401.2 Application of Loads
- 401.3 Combining of Loads
- 402 CALCULATION OF STRESSES [Go to Page]
- 402.1 General
- 402.2 Properties
- 402.3 Stress From Internal Pressure
- 402.4 Stress From External Pressure
- 402.5 Stress From Thermal Expansion
- 402.6 Longitudinal Stress
- 402.7 Combining of Stresses
- 402.8 Stresses From Road and Rail Traffic Loads
- 403 CRITERIA FOR PIPELINES [Go to Page]
- 403.1 General
- 403.2 Criteria for Pipe Wall Thickness and Allowances
- 403.3 Criteria to Prevent Yield Failure
- 403.4 Criteria to Prevent Buckling and Excessive Ovality
- 403.5 Criteria to Prevent Fatigue
- 403.6 Criteria to Prevent Loss of In-Place Stability
- 403.7 Criteria to Prevent Fracture
- 403.8 Criteria for Crossings
- 403.9 Criteria for Expansion and Flexibility
- 403.10 Criteria for Used Pipe
- 403.11 Criteria for Cold Worked Pipe
- 403.12 Criteria for Shear and Bearing Stresses
- 403.13 Criteria for Structural Supports and Restraints
- 404 CRITERIA FOR FITTINGS, ASSEMBLIES, AND OTHER COMPONENTS (ALTERNATIVELY, CRITERIA FOR COMPONENTS) [Go to Page]
- 404.1 General Criteria for Piping Components
- 404.2 Directional Changes
- 404.3 Branch Connections
- 404.4 Flanges
- 404.5 Valves
- 404.6 Reducers
- 404.7 Closures
- 404.8 Joints
- 404.9 Supports, Braces, Anchors, and Attachments
- 404.10 Other Pressure-Containing Components
- 404.11 Used Piping Components
- 404.12 Auxiliary and Relief Piping
- Chapter III Materials [Go to Page]
- 423 MATERIALS — GENERAL REQUIREMENTS [Go to Page]
- 423.1 Acceptable Materials and Specifications
- 423.2 Limitations on Materials
- 425 MATERIALS APPLIED TO MISCELLANEOUS PARTS [Go to Page]
- 425.3 Gaskets
- 425.4 Bolting
- Chapter IV Dimensional Requirements [Go to Page]
- 426 DIMENSIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR STANDARD AND NONSTANDARD PIPING COMPONENTS [Go to Page]
- 426.1 Standard Piping Components
- 426.2 Nonstandard Piping Components
- 426.3 Threads
- Chapter V Construction, Welding, and Assembly [Go to Page]
- 434 CONSTRUCTION [Go to Page]
- 434.1 General
- 434.2 Qualifications
- 434.3 Right-of-Way
- 434.4 Handling, Hauling, Stringing, and Storing
- 434.5 Damage to Fabricated Items and Pipe
- 434.6 Ditching
- 434.7 Bends, Miters, and Elbows
- 434.8 Welding
- 434.9 Tie-In
- 434.10 Installation of Pipe in the Ditch
- 434.11 Backfilling
- 434.12 Restoration of Right-of-Way and Cleanup
- 434.13 Special Crossings
- 434.14 Inland Coastal Water Construction
- 434.15 Block and Isolating Valves
- 434.16 Connections to Main Lines
- 434.17 Scraper Traps
- 434.18 Line Markers
- 434.19 Corrosion Control
- 434.20 Pump Station, Tank Farm, and Terminal Construction
- 434.21 Storage and Working Tankage
- 434.22 Electrical Installations
- 434.23 Liquid Metering
- 434.24 Liquid Strainers and Filters
- 435 ASSEMBLY OF PIPING COMPONENTS [Go to Page]
- 435.1 General
- 435.2 Bolting Procedure
- 435.3 Pumping Unit Piping
- 435.4 Manifolds
- 435.5 Auxiliary Piping
- Chapter VI Inspection and Testing [Go to Page]
- 436 INSPECTION [Go to Page]
- 436.1 General
- 436.2 Qualification of Inspectors
- 436.5 Type and Extent of Examination Required
- 436.6 Repair of Defects
- 437 TESTING [Go to Page]
- 437.1 General
- 437.4 Test Pressure
- 437.6 Qualification Tests
- 437.7 Records
- Chapter VII Operation and Maintenance Procedures [Go to Page]
- 450 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES AFFECTING THE SAFETY OF LIQUID AND SLURRY TRANSPORTATION PIPING SYSTEMS [Go to Page]
- 450.1 General
- 450.2 Operation and Maintenance Plans and Procedures
- 451 PIPELINE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE [Go to Page]
- 451.1 Operating Pressure
- 451.2 Communications
- 451.3 Line Markers and Signs
- 451.4 Right-of-Way Maintenance
- 451.5 Patrolling
- 451.6 Pipeline Integrity Assessments and Repairs
- 451.8 Valve Maintenance
- 451.9 Railroads and Highways Crossing Existing Pipelines
- 451.10 Inland Waters Platform Risers
- 451.11 Leak Detection
- 451.12 Strain Criteria for Existing Pipelines
- 452 PUMP STATION, TERMINAL, AND STORAGE FACILITIES OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE [Go to Page]
- 452.1 General
- 452.2 Controls and Protective Equipment
- 452.3 Storage Facilities
- 452.4 Storage of Combustible Materials
- 452.5 Fencing
- 452.6 Signs
- 452.7 Prevention of Accidental Ignition
- 453 CORROSION CONTROL
- 454 EMERGENCY PLAN
- 455 RECORDS
- 456 QUALIFYING A PIPING SYSTEM FOR A HIGHER OPERATING PRESSURE
- 457 ABANDONING A PIPING SYSTEM
- Chapter VIII Corrosion Control [Go to Page]
- 460 GENERAL
- 461 EXTERNAL CORROSION CONTROL FOR BURIED OR SUBMERGED PIPELINES [Go to Page]
- 461.1 New Installations
- 461.2 Existing Buried or Submerged Steel Pipelines
- 462 INTERNAL CORROSION CONTROL [Go to Page]
- 462.1 General
- 462.2 New Installations
- 462.3 Existing Installations
- 463 EXTERNAL CORROSION CONTROL FOR PIPELINES EXPOSED TO ATMOSPHERE [Go to Page]
- 463.1 General
- 464 PIPELINES IN ARCTIC ENVIRONMENTS [Go to Page]
- 464.1 General
- 464.2 External Coating Requirements
- 464.3 Cathodic Protection Facilities [Go to Page]
- 464.3.1 Criteria.
- 464.3.2 Impressed Current Facilities
- 464.3.3 Galvanic Anode Installations.
- 464.4 Monitoring
- 464.5 Internal Corrosion Control
- 465 PIPELINES IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE SERVICE [Go to Page]
- 465.1 General
- 465.2 External Coating Requirements
- 465.3 Cathodic Protection Facilities [Go to Page]
- 465.3.1 Criteria.
- 465.3.2 Galvanic Anodes.
- 465.4 Internal Corrosion Control
- 466 EXTERNAL CORROSION CONTROL FOR THERMALLY INSULATED PIPELINES [Go to Page]
- 466.1 New Installations [Go to Page]
- 466.1.1 General.
- 466.1.2 External Coating Requirements.
- 466.1.3 Water Stops.
- 466.1.4 Cathodic Protection. [Go to Page]
- 466.1.4.1 External Anodes.
- 466.1.4.2 Internal Anodes.
- 466.2 Existing Installations
- 467 STRESS CORROSION AND OTHER PHENOMENA
- 468 RECORDS
- Chapter IX Offshore Liquid Pipeline Systems [Go to Page]
- A400 GENERAL STATEMENTS [Go to Page]
- A400.1 Scope
- A400.2 Definitions (Applicable to This Chapter Only)
- A401 LOADS [Go to Page]
- A401.2.2 Sustained Loads
- A401.2.3 Occasional Loads.
- A401.2.4 Construction Loads.
- A401.2.5 Bottom Soils.
- A401.4 Route Selection Considerations
- A402 CALCULATION OF STRESSES [Go to Page]
- A402.3 Stresses From Internal Pressure
- A403 CRITERIA FOR PIPELINES [Go to Page]
- A403.2 Criteria for Pipe Wall Thickness and Allowances
- A403.9 Design for Expansion and Flexibility
- A404 CRITERIA FOR FITTINGS, ASSEMBLIES, AND OTHER COMPONENTS (ALTERNATIVELY, CRITERIA FOR COMPONENTS) [Go to Page]
- A404.2 Directional Changes
- A404.3 Branch Connections
- A404.4 Flanges
- A404.5 Valves
- A404.6 Reducers
- A404.7 Closures
- A404.8 Joints
- A405 PIPE [Go to Page]
- A405.1 Steel Pipe
- A405.2 Flexible Pipe
- A406 OTHER DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS [Go to Page]
- A406.1 Pigs and Internal Inspection Tools
- A406.2 Special Components
- A406.3 Design of Pipe-Supporting Elements
- A423 MATERIALS — GENERAL REQUIREMENTS [Go to Page]
- A423.1 Acceptable Materials and Specifications
- A423.2 Limitations on Materials
- A434 CONSTRUCTION [Go to Page]
- A434.2 Qualifications
- A434.3 Right-of-Way
- A434.6 Ditching
- A434.7 Bends, Miters, and Elbows
- A434.8 Welding
- A434.11 Backfilling
- A434.13 Special Crossings
- A434.15 Block and Isolating Valves
- A434.18 Line Markers
- A434.25 Offshore Pipeline Construction
- A436 INSPECTION [Go to Page]
- A436.2 Qualification of Inspectors
- A436.5 Type and Extent of Examination Required
- A437 TESTING [Go to Page]
- A437.1 General
- A437.4 Test Pressure
- A437.6 Qualification Tests
- A437.7 Records
- A450 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES AFFECTING THE SAFETY OF LIQUID AND SLURRY TRANSPORTATION PIPING SYSTEMS [Go to Page]
- A450.2 Operation and Maintenance Plans and Procedures
- A451 PIPELINE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE [Go to Page]
- A451.1 Operating Pressure
- A451.3 Line Markers and Signs
- A451.4 Right-of-Way Maintenance
- A451.5 Patrolling
- A451.6 Pipeline Integrity Assessment and Repairs
- A451.8 Valve Maintenance
- A451.9 Railroads and Highways Crossing Existing Pipelines
- A451.10 Inland Waters Platform Risers
- A452 PUMP STATION, TERMINAL, AND STORAGE FACILITIES OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE [Go to Page]
- A452.5 Fencing
- A452.7 Prevention of Accidental Ignition
- A454 EMERGENCY PLAN
- A460 GENERAL
- A461 EXTERNAL CORROSION CONTROL FOR BURIED OR SUBMERGED PIPELINES [Go to Page]
- A461.1 New Installations
- A461.3 Monitoring
- A463 EXTERNAL CORROSION CONTROL FOR PIPELINES EXPOSED TO ATMOSPHERE [Go to Page]
- A463.2 New Offshore Installations
- Chapter X Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Systems [Go to Page]
- B400 GENERAL STATEMENTS [Go to Page]
- B400.1 Scope
- B400.2 Definitions (Applicable to This Chapter Only)
- B423 MATERIALS — GENERAL REQUIREMENTS [Go to Page]
- B423.2 Limitations on Materials
- B434 CONSTRUCTION [Go to Page]
- B434.15 Block and Isolating Valves
- B434.18 Line Markers
- B437 TESTING [Go to Page]
- B437.4 Test Pressure
- B437.7 Records
- B451 PIPELINE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE [Go to Page]
- B451.6 Pipeline Integrity Assessments and Repairs
- B454 EMERGENCY PLAN
- Chapter XI Slurry and Process Water Pipeline Systems [Go to Page]
- C400 GENERAL STATEMENTS [Go to Page]
- C400.1 Scope
- C400.2 Definitions (Applicable to This Chapter Only)
- C401 LOADS [Go to Page]
- C401.2 Application of Loads
- C403 CRITERIA FOR PIPELINES [Go to Page]
- C403.2 Criteria for Pipe Wall Thickness and Allowances
- C403.3 Criteria to Prevent Yield Failure
- C403.15 Other Slurry Design Considerations
- C404 CRITERIA FOR FITTINGS, ASSEMBLIES, AND OTHER COMPONENTS (ALTERNATIVELY, CRITERIA FOR COMPONENTS) [Go to Page]
- C404.2 Directional Changes
- C404.3 Branch Connections
- C404.4 Flanges
- C404.5 Valves
- C404.6 Reducers
- C423 MATERIALS — GENERAL REQUIREMENTS [Go to Page]
- C423.2 Limitations on Materials
- C426 DIMENSIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR STANDARD AND NONSTANDARD PIPING COMPONENTS [Go to Page]
- C426.1 Standard Piping Components
- C434 CONSTRUCTION [Go to Page]
- C434.21 Storage and Working Tankage
- C434.23 Slurry Metering
- C437 TESTING [Go to Page]
- C437.4 Test Pressure
- C451 PIPELINE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE [Go to Page]
- C451.5 Patrolling
- C454 EMERGENCY PLAN
- C457 ABANDONING A PIPING SYSTEM
- C460 GENERAL
- C461 EXTERNAL CORROSION CONTROL FOR BURIED OR SUBMERGED PIPELINES [Go to Page]
- C461.2 Existing Buried Steel Pipelines
- C468 RECORDS
- Figures [Go to Page]
- Figure 400.1.1-1 Diagram Showing Scope of ASME B31.4 Excluding Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Systems (See Figure 400.1.1-2)
- Figure 400.1.1-2 Diagram Showing Scope of ASME B31.4 for Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Systems
- Figure 400.1.1-3 Diagram Showing Scope of ASME B31.4 for Slurry Pipeline Systems
- Figure 404.3.3.1-1 Reinforced Extruded Outlets
- Figure 404.3.4-1 Welding Details for Openings With Complete Encirclement Types of Reinforcement
- Figure 404.3.4-2 Welding Details for Openings With Localized-Type Reinforcement
- Figure 404.3.4-3 Welding Details for Openings Without Reinforcement Other Than That in Header and Branch Walls
- Figure 404.3.5-1 Reinforcement of Branch Connections
- Figure 434.8.6-1 Acceptable Butt Welded Joint Design for Equal Wall Thicknesses
- Figure 434.8.6-2 Acceptable Butt Welded Joint Design for Unequal Wall Thicknesses
- Figure 434.8.6-3 Recommended Attachment Details of Flanges
- Figure 451.6.2.2-1 Type I Interaction
- Figure 451.6.2.2-2 Type II Interaction
- Figure 451.6.2.9-1 Hot-Tap Fitting Sleeve or Pressure Containing (Type B) Sleeve End Fillet Weld Design
- Tables [Go to Page]
- Table 403.2.1-1 Weld Joint Factors Applicable to Common Pipe Specifications
- Table 403.3.1-1 Allowable Values for Pipeline System Stresses
- Table 404.3.4-1 Design Criteria for Welded Branch Connections
- Table 423.1-1 Material Standards and Specifications
- Table 426.1-1 Dimensional Standards
- Table 434.6-1 Minimum Cover for Buried Pipelines
- Table 451.6.2.9-1 Acceptable Pipeline Repair Methods (Nonindented, Nonwrinkled, and Nonbuckled Pipe)
- Table 451.6.2.9-2 Acceptable Pipeline Repair Methods for Dents, Buckles, Ripples, Wrinkles, Leaking Couplings, and Defective Prior Repairs
- Table A402.3.2-1 Design Factors for Offshore Pipeline Systems
- Table C423.1-1 Material Standards
- Table C423.1-2 Material Standards Not Applicable for Slurry Piping Systems From Table 423.1-1
- Table C426.1-2 Dimensional Standards Not Applicable for Slurry Piping Systems From Table 426.1-1
- MANDATORY APPENDIX I REFERENCED STANDARDS
- NONMANDATORY APPENDIX A SUBMITTAL OF TECHNICAL INQUIRIES TO THE B31 PRESSURE PIPING COMMITTEE
- NONMANDATORY APPENDIX B PUBLICATIONS THAT MAY BE OF INFORMATIONAL BENEFIT
- INDEX [Go to Page]